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Day By Day With VOA
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Britain Celebrates 50th Anniversary of Queen Elizabeth's Coronation
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Europe - England - London - @Queen - Westminster Cathedral

Queen Elizabeth returned to Westminster Cathedral and heard the same trumpets that played at her coronation 50 years ago.

VOA -- 02 Jun 2003, 14:05 UTC
Michael Drudge
London

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<b>Queen Elizabeth's coronation 50 years ago</b>
Queen Elizabeth's coronation 50 years ago
Britain's Queen Elizabeth II has marked the 50th anniversary of her coronation with a religious ceremony in London. 

Queen Elizabeth returned to Westminster Cathedral and heard the same trumpets that played at her coronation 50 years ago.
 
 

<b>Queen Elizabeth comes to Westminster Cathedral</b>
Queen Elizabeth comes to Westminster Cathedral
The queen wore a primrose dress, a broad-brimmed hat and white gloves for the ceremony, which drew a congregation of about 1,000 people. Most of the royal family was there, except Prince Harry, who stands third in the line of succession. He had to take school exams.

 Among the participants were 240 people who attended the 1953 coronation, as well as 34 so-called "coronation babies" who were born on June 2, 1953.

 There were special prayers for Queen Elizabeth, and the Reverend Chris Chivers also made note of the queen's role as leader of the 54-nation Commonwealth, made up primarily of former British colonies.

 "Oh God, who has made us members of the Commonwealth of Nations, and has banded us together under one queen, grant that we may ever be alert to our great responsibilities," he prayed.
 
 

<b>Royal family during prayers</b>
Royal family during prayers
The event was low-key compared with last year's Golden Jubilee festival for the queen's ascension to the throne on February 6, 1952, following the death of her father, King George VI. Queen Elizabeth's coronation ceremony was held the following year.

 After the religious service, the queen returned to Buckingham Palace to host a garden party for underprivileged children. Attractions included a 110-year-old carousel and a circus tent.

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Bush in Egypt for Talks on Mideast Peace 'Road Map'
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Middle East - Egypt - US Bush @Sharm el Sheikh - U.S.-Arab summit for Arab Support

Talks with the leaders (Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, King Abdullah of Jordan, Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa, Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah and Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas) Tuesday will center on the so-called road map to peace. It calls on the Palestinians to rein in militant groups and for Israel to ease restrictions for the Palestinians in the territories as part of a process of creating a Palestinian state by 2005

VOA -- 03 Jun 2003, 00:06 UTC
Dale Gavlak
Sharm el Sheikh

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AP Photo
AP
Egyptian President Mubarak Greets President Bush
President Bush is in Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt, on his first mission to the region for Middle East peacemaking. He will be discussing a plan with Arab leaders aimed at securing peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

 President Bush meets with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, King Abdullah of Jordan, Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa, Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah and Palestinian Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas. 

Talks with the leaders Tuesday will center on the so-called road map to peace. It calls on the Palestinians to rein in militant groups and for Israel to ease restrictions for the Palestinians in the territories as part of a process of creating a Palestinian state by 2005. 

Palestinian Foreign Minister Nabil Shaath expressed confidence Monday that President Bush will stick with the plan. "We need first of all President Bush to continue with what looks like real involvement and engagement in the Arab-Israeli question," he said. "And that involvement is clear with this conference and the one in Aqaba. We would like him to continue in that role as a supporter of this peace process to push to get it implemented on the ground. And we want the Arabs to help do that."

 Summit host Egypt's foreign minister Ahmed Maher says U-S support and particularly that of the president himself is what is really needed now, not just to kick start the peace process, but to see it through to its final stage.

 "What is required is a firm commitment, implementation and monitoring of the implementation," he said. "And this is what we hope will be what comes out of the meetings."

 Following the U.S.-Arab summit, President Bush will travel to Aqaba, Jordan, where he will hold talks with King Abdullah, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Mr. Abbas. 

Jordanian Foreign Minister Marwan Mouasher says the meetings are trying to reverse the cycle of violence and despair that has gripped both sides for the last three years. 

"We are on the verge of a new era," he said. "We understand that this is going to be a lot of hard work. But we have to cross a major hurdle by both sides accepting the 'road map,' by both sides accepting each other as two independent states." 

Mr. Mouasher says both sides will need much support if peace is to be achieved. U.S. officials say President Bush will press Arabs to end financial assistance to militant groups seen to hinder peace efforts.
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Bush In Egypt For Meeting With Arab Leaders
Final Preparations Underway for Mideast Summit


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Contents of Defend America Page
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Military News Worldwide @USA
DoD -- Logged Monday, 02-Jun-2003
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FOOT PATROL Soldiers of Charlie Company, 2nd Battalion, 6th Infantry, 1st Armored Division, Baumholder, Germany, conduct a foot patrol in a local marketplace in Fallujah, Iraq, to get a sense of the local people's feelings on the U.S. presence in the area. U.S. Army photo by Sgt. Albert EaddyMore News Photos (6)
Review of U.S. Forces to Enhance DMZ Deterrence 
By Gerry J. Gilmore / American Forces Press Service
U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz, left, and Soo-Young Lee, the vice chairman of the Korean Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a group of South Korean business leaders, converse in a downtown Seoul hotel June 2 before the deputy defense secretary's keynote speech at the KCCI-hosted luncheon. Photo by Gerry J. Gilmore     TOKYO, June 2, 2003 Any realignment of American military forces in South Korea would enhance, rather than degrade, that country's ability to deter potential threats such as those posed by North Korea, U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz said June 2 in Seoul. 
     Wolfowitz had given a keynote luncheon speech to a group of South Korean business leaders before flying to Tokyo. 
     Japan is the last leg of Wolfowitz's trip to address East Asian security matters after stops in Singapore and South Korea. 
     Because of the changed nature of today's threats and the dramatic new capabilities of U.S. forces as exhibited in Afghanistan and Iraq, Wolfowitz pointed out it's time to evaluate how U.S. forces are postured around the world and the United States and how to achieve more effectiveness while maintaining deterrence capability. More
Americans Help When Afghan Soldier Killed, 14 Hurt in Crash
By U.S. Army Cpl. Keith A. Kluwe / 109th Mobile Public Affairs Detachment
Photo, story below     KANDAHAR AIR FIELD, Afghanistan American troops were quick to help out when 14 Afghan soldiers were injured and one killed June 2 in a head-on motor vehicle collision on Highway 4 between Kandahar City and Spin Boldak. 
     Both trucks involved in the accident were transporting AMF soldiers, according to Capt. Mohmmad Ismal, an AMF unit commander who was also injured in the accident.
     The injured were transported to the U.S. Army medical facility at Kandahar Air Field for treatment. The soldier that was killed in the accident was transported to Kandahar mortuary affairs. More

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Operation Tribute to Freedom
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    Memorial Day marked the start of Operation Tribute to Freedom, a program of activities slated for the days, weeks and months ahead that demonstrate public appreciation for service members' accomplishments and sacrifices in the global war against terrorism. DefendAmerica will routinely provide information on upcoming Tribute to Freedom events. 
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    For more information on Operation Tribute to Freedom click here
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Welcome Home & Thank You
starSEARCH THE THANK YOU NOTE Nearly 11 million people have signed the on-line Thank You Note DefendAmerica.mil launched last May. To see the names click here
starSEND A MESSAGE Send a Welcome Home" message to U.S. troops returning from the war in Iraq and a "Thank You" to all who support the global war on terrorism. To send your message click here.
starAMERICA'S BEST WISHES "Thank you for a job well done. Your dedication and sacrifices are very much appreciated. We may not be there to physically welcome you home, but be assured in spirit, we welcome you home with open arms and tremendous THANKS!! GOD BLESS AMERICA AND ALL THOSE WHO SERVE HER PROUDLY!!"
The Bolyard Family of Chillicothe, Ohio 
To read more Welcome Home messages click here.
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Iraqi Freedom
bullet U.S. Views Quotes by President Bush & other U.S. leaders
bullet Defense Views Quotes by U.S. defense leaders
bullet Maps of Iraq Maps of the nation of Iraq and the region

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Vice President Richard Cheney
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"On September 11th, 2001, we learned that threats which gather for years in secret can suddenly appear in our own cities. We discovered that our future is closely tied to the fate of nations and peoples on the other side of the earth, and indifference only increases the danger. In a moment of tragedy, our nation was called to wage a global and unrelenting campaign to eliminate the terrorists and the threats they pose. And in this war, we are winning."
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United States Military Academy, 
West Point, New York, May 31, 2003
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3rd ID Soldiers Work to Keep
Baghdad s Streets Safe
By U.S. Army Cpl. Todd Pruden / 372nd Mobile Public Affairs Detachment
U.S. Marine Lt. Gen. James Conway addresses reporters at the Pentagon May 30 during a video press conference from Iraq. Defense Dept. photo by Helene C. Stikkel     BAGHDAD, Iraq Keeping the streets of Baghdad free of crime and safe for the residents of the city is a task that has fallen into the laps of coalition forces since the fall of the last regime. 
     Members of the 3rd Infantry Division (Mechanized) out of Fort Stewart, Ga., have been tasked to instill law and order since the end of the war. They patrol the streets of Baghdad and guard buildings from further looting.
     According to 1st Lt. Jason Redmon, a platoon leader for Company A, 4th Battalion, 64th Armor, 3rd Inf. Div., the buildings that are priority for these soldiers to guard are schools, banks, mosques and government facilities. 
     We are in charge of securing buildings and making sure no looters take anything from these buildings, Redmon said. More
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VICE PRESIDENT CHENEY
'Bush Doctrine' Frees 2 Nations
Sgt. 1st Class Doug Sample / American Forces Press Service 
     WASHINGTON, June 2, 2003 "If there is anyone in the world today who doubts the seriousness of the Bush Doctrine, I would urge that person to consider the fate of the Taliban in Afghanistan, and of Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq," Vice President Richard Cheney told the 2003 West Point graduating class.
      The doctrine asserts that states supporting terrorists, or providing sanctuary for terrorists, will be deemed just as guilty of crimes as the terrorists themselves, Cheney noted in his May 31 commencement address at the U.S. Military Academy.
     "Before 9-11, all too many nations tended to draw a distinction between the terrorist groups and the states that provided these groups with support. They were unwilling to hold these terror-sponsoring states accountable for their actions."
      After 9-11, the president "decided that the distinction between the terrorists and their sponsors should no longer stand," he said.
      Cheney added perspective to the president's actions by saying that in 20 months since the Sept. 11 attacks, "the United States has freed two nations from oppression and terror." More
DMZ Soldiers and Marines are 'On the Front Lines of Freedom'
By Gerry J. Gilmore / American Forces Press Service
     SEOUL, South Korea, June 1, 2003 U.S. soldiers and Marines deployed along the demilitarized zone separating North and South Korea "are on the front lines of freedom," U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz said June 1 during a visit to Camp Greaves located a mile from the DMZ.
     "The country is grateful for your service," Wolfowitz told the 500 Army soldiers and Marines gathered inside the camp's gymnasium. He noted that both President Bush and Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld "have asked me to send a message to you: that we appreciate what you're doing -- it is fantastic." More
North Korea's Nuclear Program Threatens Global Stability
By Gerry J. Gilmore / American Forces Press Service
     SINGAPORE, May 31, 2003 There's no greater threat to peace and stability facing Asian and other nations today than North Korea's nuclear program, U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz said here May 31.
      In his remarks to attendees at the second annual Asia Security Conference in Singapore, Wolfowitz observed that the spirit of multilateral cooperation embodied by such conferences holds "important promise for enabling countries in the region to resolve problems peacefully." The conference is sponsored by the International Institute for Strategic Studies. More
Operation Tribute to Freedom - Header Image
Homecoming Photographs - Header Image
Photo, caption below.
Senior Airman Juan Carlos Ochoa and other Air Force members of 6th Operations Support Squadron, hold up welcome home signs provided by a local news station for Air Force members returning from the Iraqi theater of operations to MacDill Air Force Base, Fla. U.S. Air Force photo by Douglas K. Lingefelt  6 More Photos
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On the FrontLines - banner image
Seabees Helping Rebuild Iraq
Utilitiesman 2nd Class Tamara Lewis assigned to Naval Mobile Construction Battalion Seven (NMCB-7) Bravo Company, plays with an Iraqi girl while taking a break from upgrading a school in Nasiriyah. U.S. Navy Seabees are deployed throughout Iraq, repairing schools, bridges, and other facilities as part of their support during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Operation Iraqi Freedom is the multi-national coalition effort to liberate the Iraqi people, eliminate Iraq's weapons of mass destruction, and end the regime of Saddam Hussein. U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Nicholas S. Hizer. CAMP COMMANDO, Kuwait (NNS) While many of the U.S. troops in the Middle East are starting to think about going home, the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force Engineer Group Seabees continue to seek out and complete a multitude of rebuilding projects in Iraq.
    Called civil-military operations, these projects combine the efforts of coalition forces and local citizens, to improve the general welfare of the Iraqi people and support U.S. forces still in theater.
    How do the Seabees maintain momentum and motivation to continue working, while their Marine and soldier counterparts are preparing to pack up and depart? Command Master Chief Kevin Timmons, who is responsible for the keeping the pulse on the morale and welfare of the MEG enlisted troops, explains, As long as theres a purpose, the Seabees will work 24 hours a day to get a job done. U.S. Navy Seabees are the best resource around to ensure mission accomplishment. There is no one better suited to accomplish the humanitarian mission. More
Task Force Neighborhood Moves to 
North-Central Baghdad 
Pfc. Ramarcus Ogan, a metalworker with the 535th Engineer Company, braces a steel door while grinding off the rough spots. Ogan welded hinges and repaired doors at an elementary school in al-Hurriyah, Baghdad.     Soldiers of "Task Force Neighborhood" directed an all-out effort of reconstruction and clean-up May 27 on the al-Hurriyah neighborhood of north-central Baghdad.
    Building on an outing that removed more than 20 trucks of trash from the al-Noor neighborhood in northwest Baghdad May 18, this week's effort was situated about two miles to the southeast. Using the approach of "maximum immediate effort for maximum immediate results," the task force soldiers joined local citizens in a focused one-day effort. 
    Beginning at 9 a.m., soldiers from 1st Battalion, 325th Infantry, 82nd Airborne Division, as well as engineers from the 130th Engineer Brigade, busied themselves on a variety of projects in the neighborhood. 
    "We've got soldiers welding a metal door on a school down the street; we've restocked a medical clinic (formerly a Fedayeen building) around the corner; we've been hiring workers; and we're still cleaning up the large amount of garbage everywhere," said Maj. Bernie Lindstrom, a battalion executive officer with 130th Engineer Brigade. More
More Operation Iraqi Freedom Stories
Army   Navy   Air Force   Marines   Coast Guard
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Photo Essay - banner image
Iraqi SAM Cache   More Photo Essays
Photo, caption below.
U.S. soldiers from the 422nd Civil Affairs Battalion Quick Reaction Team uncover a cache of Russian-made surface-to-air missiles May 28 in downtown Baghdad, while 1st Lt. Bryan Albertson and Staff Sgt. Terry Brown inspect buildings on the lot.U.S. Army photo by Cpl. Jacob H. Smith  5 More Images
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Iraq Survey Group to Take 
Over Hunt for Iraqi Weapons
By Jim Garamone / American Forces Press Service 
     Washington, May 30, 2003 A significant expansion of effort in the hunt for weapons of mass destruction will begin to take hold in Iraq in coming days, DoD officials said today. 
     That presence will come about with startup work by the Iraq Survey Group. Army Maj. Gen. Keith Dayton, who will head the group, said the group will consolidate the efforts of the various collection operations in Iraq under one national-level headquarters. The transition is slated to begin no later than June 7, Dayton said. 
     The group will ultimately have between 1,300 and 1,400 people from the United States military, other U.S. government agencies, the United Kingdom and Australia. The main headquarters will be in Baghdad. More
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On the FrontLines - banner image
On Afghanistan
Vines Takes Afghanistan Combat Lead 
On Iraq
Marines Take 'No Nonsense' Approach to Iraqi Security
Rumsfeld Says Coalition Off to 'Reasonable Start' in Iraq
U.S. Soldier Dies in Attack; Two Iraqis Die in Separate Incident
Military News
During Polish Visit, Bush Calls for Strong, Undivided NATO
Army Partially Lifts Stop-Loss Order
Navy Demobilizing 9,000 Reservists
National Guard, Reserve Update

Pentagon Identifies 
Soldiers Killed in Iraq
    WASHINGTON, June 2, 2003 Defense officials announced today the identities of three soldiers who were killed in Iraq May 30. They are: Spc. Zachariah W. Long, 20, of Milton, Pa., Spc. Michael T. Gleason, 25, of Warren, Pa., and Spc. Kyle A. Griffin, 20, of Emerson, N.J. The soldiers were traveling in a three-vehicle convoy during a storm from Mosul to Tikrit. 
    A civilian vehicle dodged a pothole causing the HUMMVs in the convoy to swerve. There was not enough stopping distance between the vehicles causing the LMTV to swerve off the road and turn over, causing the death of three soldiers. The soldiers were assigned to 519th Military Intelligence Battalion, Fort Bragg, N.C. The incident is under investigation. News Release
Wounded Marines Return
To Uncertain Future 
    MARINE CORPS BASE CAMP PENDLETON, Calif. (May 29, 2003) His hand all but gone, Capt. Jason R. Frei reluctantly flexes a mechanical claw - knowing he may well lose his grip on the Marine Corps anyway.
    Frei, the battery commander for A Battery, 1st Battalion, 11th Marine Regiment, put his life on the line in Operation Iraqi Freedom. And although the Marine Corps put him to good use in Iraq, it may not be able to use him any longer.
    Frei is one of 251 Marines returning from Iraq with wounds received in action. While moving in a convoy through Iraq, Frei was caught in an ambush and hit by a rocket-propelled grenade, causing irreparable damage to his right hand. Frei has been fitted with a prosthetic device with two hooks - a poor substitute for a hand that will hinder his job performance, he said.
    "When they're going to get a prosthesis, I think most people are thinking in the back of their minds, 'Okay, I'm going to get my arm back. I'm going to be able to do all of the things I could do, as soon as I can get that prosthesis.' Well, you can't." More
Program Helps Spouses With Marine Homecomings 
    MARINE CORPS AIR STATION YUMA, Ariz. More than 80 family members of deployed Marines gathered here May 20 for a "Return and Reunion Brief."
    The brief was held to prepare the spouses of Marine Air Control Squadron-1 and Combat Service Support Detachment-16 for the return of their Marines, some of whom were arriving later that evening.
     While some spouses may have wanted to prepare for their Marines by going to greet the "Devil Dogs" as they debark the airplane or bus that brings them home, the goal of the brief was geared more toward mentally and emotionally preparing the spouses for a stressful situation. More
Profile
Marine Chief Warrant Officer 4
Tom Cierley
Profile, story below
     LOGISTICS SUPPORT AREA VIPER, Iraq More than three decades ago, Marine Pvt. Tom Cierley pumped fuel for trucks and helos heading off to fight enemy forces in Vietnam. Today, the 55-year-old bulk fuel chief warrant officer 4 finds himself engaged in another conflict, far in time and place from the jungles of Southeast Asia.
    "The sand here is so fine," said the Bakersfield, Calif., reservist as he surveys the lunar-like terrain surrounding him. Cierley works as the operations officer for Tucson, Ariz.,-based Bulk Fuel Alpha, a 4th Force Service Support Group asset tasked with providing bulk liquids in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. More
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On the Ground
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In Uzbekistan
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American Troops Bring 
Luau to Uzbekistan 
Sgt. Donna Poteat (left), Logistical Task Force 46, 1st Corps Support Command, and Spc. Kendra Thomas (right), 373rd Corps Support Battalion, Beaumont, Texas, dance with a local Uzbek performer during the Asian-Pacific Hertitage Salute to Freedom Luau at Camp Stronghold Freedom, Uzbekistan. U.S. Army photo by Spc. Travis Edwards
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     CAMP STRONGHOLD FREEDOM, Uzbekistan, May 30, 2003 Hawaiian decorations, Philippine ancestral dances, Tahitian beauties, Uzbek dance performers, and other Asian-Pacific cultural icons recently showed U.S. service members supporting Operation Enduring Freedom the true beauty of the realm they are protecting. 
    The Asian-Pacific Heritage Observance Salute to Liberty Luau was hosted by Logistical Task Force 46 at Camp Stronghold Freedom, Uzbekistan.
    There were a total of 20 dances performed by several different groups of performers. Some of the performers were hard-working U.S. service members at Stronghold Freedom, while others were local performers from Karshi-Khanabad, Uzbekistan. More
Soldiers Keep Supplies Moving
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In Afghanistan
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Engineers in Afghanistan
Test New Mine Detector
The "Interim Vehicle-Mounted Mine Detector" is the new state-of-the-art mine-detection system designed in South Africa for clearing roads. C Company, 27th Engineer Battalion, deployed to Afghanistan from Fort Bragg, N.C., is one of the first Army units to ever test the equipment. U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Christina Carde
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     BAGRAM, Afghanistan After being tested in South Africa and sitting in the Armys warehouse for more than four years, the new Interim Vehicle-Mounted Mine Detector is being tested here by Company C, 27th Engineer Battalion, deployed from Fort Bragg, N.C., the engineers chosen to be the first in the U.S. Army to use the system.
    Afghanistan is rated one of the top five countries in the world for having the largest number of landmines. The U.S. military decided this would be the perfect place to test the new IVMMD system to see what it can do. More
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Afghanistan Update 
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Jalalabad Team Assesses its 101st Village
Reveille Takes on Special Meaning
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In Iraq
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Soldiers Use Pantyhose in
War Against Baghdad Enemy
     BAGHDAD, Iraq As the modern, computerized battlefield delivers a leading edge for todays field commanders, a seemingly insignificant enemy rages war against the coalitions high-tech operations each dayunseen to the layers of security around the main coalition installation here.
    This enemy has no weapons, aircraft or secret informants, but every day it easily slips past the miles of razor-sharp wires, the M1A1 Abrams main battle tanks of the 3rd Infantry Division and past soldiers of the 422nd Civil Affairs Battalion. The enemy is sand.
    Sand is everywhere. It is in everyones hair, socks, uniforms, cots, vehicles, food, fingernails and thousands of laptop computers and electronic devices across Baghdad and Iraq.
    To wage war against a passive, microscopic enemy, the signal officer assigned to the 422nd CA has conceivably dented Mother Natures forward combat lines with common pantyhose material. More
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Iraq Update 
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Guardsmen Open Baghdad Medical Facility
Navy Mess Specialists 'Kick It Up a Notch'
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'On The Ground' Archive
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Iraq's 55 Most Wanted
The latest of the Iraqi 55 Most Wanted
In Custody - May 24

Three of Spades - 

Sad abd al-Majid al-Faysal
Three of Clubs - 
Sayf al-Din al-Mashhadani
Status of Iraq's 55 Most Wanted
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European Space Agency Launches Its First Mars Flight
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Europe - EU (ESA)@Kazakhstan - Mars or Bust

The European Space Agency has launched its first mission to Mars in an effort to seek signs of life on the red planet. The spacecraft took off on its six-month journey Monday atop a Russian Soyuz rocket from Kazakhstan. The Mars Express mission is similar to a pair of U.S. probes that are to head to the red planet later this month. The American orbiters will also deploy landers by parachute and they, too, will search for water and life-giving environments, like the U.S. Pathfinder mission did six-years ago. The difference is that the U.S. landers will roam on wheels up to one-kilometer in their quest for interesting rocks to study, while the compact European lander will stay in place.

VOA -- 02 Jun 2003, 19:17 UTC
David McAlary
Washington

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<b>Launch of Mars spacecraft in Kazakhstan</b><br>Photo - European Space Agency
Launch of Mars spacecraft in Kazakhstan
Photo - European Space Agency
The European Space Agency has launched its first mission to Mars in an effort to seek signs of life on the red planet. The spacecraft took off on its six-month journey Monday atop a Russian Soyuz rocket from Kazakhstan. 

Europe's first foray into Mars exploration is called the Mars Express. It is to enter Martian orbit in December and deploy a small lander by parachute onto the barren surface.

 The main objective is to search for water beneath the rocky surface of our nearest planetary neighbor. Scientists believe water once flowed plentifully there and may still exist as underground rivers, pools or permafrost. They say the discovery of water would increase the possibility that life existed or might still exist on Mars.

 The Mars Express will circle the planet for one Martian year, or 687 Earth days, and probe for subsurface water with a powerful radar. It will also measure water levels in the atmosphere.

 European Space Agency spokeswoman Jocelyne Landeau says the lander below will check the atmosphere for traces of methane produced by living organisms and search for other signs of life in rocks.

 "We are going to grind holes into rocks and find out whether you have any form of life somewhere, present life or past life," she said. "Of course, we are not going to find a flower or an animal on Mars. We are going to find probably microbes or bacteria."

 The Mars Express mission is similar to a pair of U.S. probes that are to head to the red planet later this month. The American orbiters will also deploy landers by parachute and they, too, will search for water and life-giving environments, like the U.S. Pathfinder mission did six-years ago. The difference is that the U.S. landers will roam on wheels up to one-kilometer in their quest for interesting rocks to study, while the compact European lander will stay in place.

 The European and American Mars efforts are cooperative. The American space agency NASA provided some of the money for a U.S.-built instrument on Mars Express. NASA's Mars Odyssey satellite now circling the red planet will relay early data from the European lander back to Earth. Jocelyne Landeau says the European orbiter will perform the same function for the future U.S. rovers.

 "It is a European mission. On the other hand, it is also a mission based on cooperation," she said. "We could not do it if we had not had a predecessor. We will be useful as well for our followers, or following missions."

 The reason the fleet of European and U.S. spacecraft are journeying to Mars at the same time has to do with the alignment of the two planets' orbits. They are taking advantage of the fact that the planets will be at their closest in August, something that occurs every 26 months.
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European Space Agency report on launch


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'Excellent start' for Mars mission
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Europe - EU (ESA)@Kazakhstan - Mars or Bust - 2nd Article

The Mars Express orbiter and its lander Beagle 2 were hurled towards the Red Planet on a Russian Soyuz-Fregat launcher, which blasted off from Baikonur in Kazakhstan at 1845 BST (1745 GMT) on Monday.

BBC -- Monday, 2 June, 2003, 20:44 GMT 21:44 UK
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'Excellent start' for Mars mission

Europe's first mission to Mars is on its way.

Launch, AP
A perfect launch from Soyuz

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The Mars Express orbiter and its lander Beagle 2 were hurled towards the Red Planet on a Russian Soyuz-Fregat launcher, which blasted off from Baikonur in Kazakhstan at 1845 BST (1745 GMT) on Monday.

The launch vehicle powered into the night sky, its four stages pushing the precious scientific payloads precisely on to the planned trajectory.

A signal from Mars Express reporting that all systems were "nominal" was received at 2044 BST (1944 GMT).

It will take six months for the orbiter and its lander passenger to reach the Red Planet. 

Beagle is expected to be on the Martian surface at 0254 GMT on 25 December. Mars Express will go into a highly elliptical polar orbit of the planet on the same day. 

"It's done; it's been a brilliant job," said Professor David Southwood, the director of science at the European Space Agency (Esa). "I'd like to thank everyone involved for a very successful start to the mission."

First reports

The scientists and engineers who had travelled to Baikonur to watch the blast-off jumped up and down with delight and hugged each other as the Soyuz rocket headed into space.

Each successful stage separation was cheered. By 2015 BST (1915 GMT), it was confirmed Mars Express had successfully detached from the Fregat booster following a one-lap trip around the Earth.